1. 研究目的与意义
When it refers to contemporary American literature, Philip Roth is inevitably mentioned. He is one of the greatest American Jewish writers, paying special attention to the issue of personal identity because of his bicultural identity. As The Human Stain is the last part of American Trilogy, his pursuit of universal significance of personal identity in The Human Stain aroused my interest of the book. The masterpiece--The Human Stain, written by Philip Roth, contains the author#8217;s concerns about man on the brink; they may as well want to assimilate into the white communities and the mainstream culture, so they change their identity to be easily accepted by the society. The study of The Human Stain can help us discover the American social problems that put people into the abyss of identity. The novel itself attracts readers#8217; attention for its vivid characters and mysterious identities behind them. The analysis of the theme and identity in The Human Stain make people rethink profoundly the complicated social problems. In addition, with the worldwide attention to the racial and cultural diversity in America, these identity ideas are still going to be of realistic significance.
2. 研究内容和预期目标
Through analyzing mysterious identities behind the characters of The Human Stain, Intend to reveal the social problems reflected in the book. The whole essay concentrates on the detection of the author#8217;s view on identity. The difficulties lie in the fact that many articles focus on race, cultural and politic issues, while few of them give in-depth analysis into the issue of identity . So we can appreciate the novel from some new angles. This essay consists of five parts. Chapter one is the brief introduction of Philip Roth, the social background and the theme of The Human Stain. Chapter two is about literature review as well as studies of Philip Roth#8217;s novel----The Human Stain. Chapter three analyzes the identity problems reflected in The Human Stain-race, class and politics. These are also origins of American tragedy and also, the factors that put people into the existence of puzzlement. Chapter four focuses on crisis behind the identity in The Human Stain with more study of identity in The Human Stain including menticide, existence dilemma, morality actuality and self-return. Chapter five sums up the whole essay and gives some expectations toward the future.
3. 国内外研究现状
Based on the novel The Human Stain, researchers at home and abroad has obtained many achievements. Many papers and treatises are relevant to the topic----analysis on identity in The Human Stain. Scholars have studied the novel from various angles----race, class, gender, and politics. Furthermore, the identity problem of the American society is still a hot issue in current study. As a classic, The Human Stain has been analyzed a lot by American and foreign critics on its themes, identity problems, and narrative techniques. The early essays and reviews of the novel were apt to focus on race and politic problems; recent years, some contemporary critics began to apply cultural ethics, spirit persecution and existentialism factors into their articles. Some critics talked a lot about the identity in The Human Stain. According to Mark Shechner, who studies the book from the angle of race, class and gender he thinks the characters in the novel hided their identity, their backgrounds to pursue an independent course unbounded by racial restraints, but finally became what they once despised. According to Elaine B. Safer, under the background of politic correctness fever and persecuting spirit pressure to plumb the tragedy of identity. According to Michiko Kakutani, in The Human Stain, Roth explores issues of identity and self-invention in America. She wrote the following interpretation: #8220;It is a book that shows how the public Zeitgeist can shape, even destroy, an individual''s life, a book that takes all of Roth''s favorite themes of identity and rebellion and generational strife and refracts them not through the narrow prism of the self but through a wide-angle lens that exposes the fissures and discontinuities of 20th-century life.#8221; In China, except many essays concerned about the race, gender, menticide and mysterious identity behind characters there are also some articles referring to American dream, existentialism, self-invention and salvation, individualism and collectivism. They give us new insight to look into The Human Stain and the identity problem in it.
4. 计划与进度安排
Outline ChapterⅠ. Intrduction 1.1 Brief introduction of The Human Stain 1.2 A literature review 1.2.1 Current studies on The Human Stain 1.2.2 Creative studies on The Human Stain Chapter II. General analysis of identity problem in The Human Stain 3.1 Analysis from the angle of the race 3.2 Analysis from the angle of the class 3.3 Analysis from the angle of the politics Chapter III. Concrete embodiment of identity crisis in The Human Stain 4.1 Menticide 4.2 Existence dilemma 4.3 Morality actuality and self-return Chapter IV. Conclusion Work Cited:
5. 参考文献
[1] Harold Bloom(ed.) Philip Roth: Bloom#8217;s Modern Critical Views[M].Chelsea House Publishers,2003 [2] Murray Baumgarten, Barbara Gottfried. Understanding Philip Roth[M] Columbia: University of South Carolina press,1990 [3]Timothy Parrish(ed.)The Cambridge Companion to Philip Roth[M].Cambridge University Press,2007 [4](美)菲利普#8226;罗思(PhilipRoth)著,刘珠还译.人性的污秽[M]. 译林出版社, 2003 [5]李昊宇. 菲利普#8226;罗斯小说《人性的污秽》中的身份危机[J]. 安徽文学(下半月). 2009(04) [6]刘一红. 寻求自我的道路:《人性的污秽》中的身份危机[J]. 吉林省教育学院学报. 2009(03) [7]梅盼. 菲利普.罗斯#8220;美国三部曲#8221;中的身份认同解读[J].无锡商业职业技术学院学报,2014(02) [8]陶家俊. 身份认同导论[J]. 外国文学. 2004(02) [9]袁雪生. 身份隐喻背后的生存悖论 读菲利普 罗斯的人性的污秽[J]. 外国文学研究,2007(06) [10]周蕾. 黑白混血儿的越界悲剧----从身份认同的角度解读《人性的污秽》[J]. 湖南工程学院学报,2013(04)
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