伦理学视域下爱丽丝·门罗的《逃离》开题报告

 2023-01-07 10:54:15

1. 研究目的与意义

《逃离》中体现出的女性伦理观及其变化 门罗个人的成长背景及其人生伦理观的变化。

小说集中体现了女性伦理价值观的变化。

本文试图用文学伦理学批评的方法，解析《逃离》中女性角色伦理价值的变化，并结合门罗自身的成长经历，分析文学作者的道德倾向和作品中人物伦理观的内在关联。

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2. 文献综述

For scholars in and abroad, Munros artful control of the short length stories have provided her works with rich materials to explore. Since Munro published her first collection of stories Dance of the Happy Shades in 1968, in the past few decades, academic research on this writer seems to follow the thematic routes.The feminist approach is a consistent ideological stance in Munros criticism. Nancy Bailey (1979) makes a break through in a study where she combines Jungian theory with feminist approach to analyze the androgynous nature of female-artist figure. Due to a variety of female roles in her stories, critics tend to conduct repeated research on Munro. While one speaks of patriarchal rage, another discusses the awakening of female; two scholars mention social constrains, the third concentrates on social convention. The situation is that some literary criticism seem to follow a standard pattern where ideological terms prevail, research detached from the literal text, turns out to be stereotype. Carrington (1989) has an intellectual reflection on this pattern, convincingly counters that Munros irony in using the phrase anti-patriarchal rage in the story A Queer Streak is an typical instance showing her attitude to the clich that stereotypical feminists have over used. A considerable proportion of Munros stories are set in suburb, most of them in Huron County, Ontario. Owing to this, her stories are generally acknowledged as regional fiction. Munro admits in Paris Review that her motivation of writing the marginal people in rural areas, stems from the great influence of the American South writers such as Eudora Welty, Flannery OConnor, Katherine Ann Porter, Carson McCullers (McCulloch Simpson, 1994). Scholars also have the notion of comparing Munro with the American South culture. Robson (1984) states that Munros Lives of Girls and Women proceeds in a similar structure with Faulkners As I Lay Dying. Faulkners characters experience three stages to death, while Munros protagonist Del goes through three stages to adulthood. Robson (1984) also points out the likeness between Munros dark, gothic imagery of funeral and OConnors metaphorical coffin in Wise Blood. Like the South American writers, during Munros career, she has been engrossed in pushing the marginal people to the center stage.Alice Munro occupies a unique position in fiction writers mostly because of her writing form. In a period during which there is a preference for long-length novel concerning literary value, short story writers are required to manage a more economical and precise handling of language in order to be recognized in literature,Criticism on style and structure, however, did not appear until 1980. In a study published by Hoy (1980), she holds that Munros employment of figurative devices of paradox and oxymoron in the stories reflects her vision of the complexity of human emotion (p.105). Hoys interpretation on Munros use of text suggests the possibility of exploring Munros narrative technique associated with her double visionone in the fictional world and another in reality. Similarly, in a literary criticism on Something Ive Been Meaning To Tell You, Martin (1984) concludes that Alice Munros writing method is characterized by an interplay of likeness within dissimilarities, paradoxes and parallels. Diverse literary theories have emerged in recent years, more extended and international studies are showing up. Painter (2007) who notes the arrangement of narrative time in Munros stories, points out the concept of narrative silence, the sense of duration or lived time by means of a narrative emphasis on the vital role of inconclusive silence (p.173). From her view, Munro maintains the emptiness of time as an indication of protagonists reconstructed memory and to raise readers moral understanding of the plot. It is true that his analysis has reminded us that the gap in time in Munros story might contain an indirect function in terms of narrative. In China, there is also ascending scholarly attention on Munro. The juxtaposition of narrative theory and stylistics provides a new angle for Fu Qiongs research on Runaway. She embarks on the study from three narrative dimensions, space, psyche and ideology. Through a profound analysis on the protagonists discourse and performance, Fu Qiong (2012) states that both two aspects arrive at conveying the image of females struggle, compromise and hesitation in marriage. With a similar focus on female, Huang Furong (2013) holds that Munro traces marital violence in different periods of the Canadian history and explores its influence on her heroines (pp.98-104).While most scholars follow the trend and analyze Munros story based on feminism or narrative theory, Zhou Yi blazes the trail for domestic literary criticism on Munro. Zhou (2013) explores the marginal Canadian character Munros stories Given the fact that Munro has borrowed many writing materials from her memory, Ren Bing interprets Munros fiction based memory theories. Ren (2014) in her paper claims that Munros short stories evoke and enliven a communitys collective memory, cultural memory and national memory(p.133). Unlike her predecessors whose novels contain a documentary nature of Canadas national identity, Munro has no compulsion to explain the place of Canada in her fiction (Dahlie, xxxx). Coinciding with Dahiles point, in my opinion, Munros stories are rooted in the rural culture, thus writing for Munro is more like a means to memorize her life and home place.To sum up, despite the growing interdisciplinary theories, there is a sustained tendency that ideological stance occupies academic research. However, it still remains a doubt whether all ideological studies offer useful literary values. After all, in an interview with Horwood (1984), when asked about feminism, Alice Munro answered in an uncertain tone Im a feminist about certain measures that I would support (p.134) She adds that I not only dont think of feminist politics, but of the class struggle, or anything else (Horwood, 1984:135). A shared view on Munro is that she possesses an acute insight into the complexity of human beings and renders excellent combination with her gift of storytelling.

3. 设计方案和技术路线

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4. 工作计划

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5. 难点与创新点

该选题角度较新，选题依据充分，本文试图用文学伦理学批评的方法，解析《逃离》中女性角色伦理价值的变化。

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